👉 STANAG 1 - Synonimy i wyrażenia bliskoznaczne
W listeningach STANAG 1 słowa rzadko powtarzają się dokładnie tak, jak w pytaniu. Na przykład w pytaniu może pojawić się „buy”, a w nagraniu usłyszysz „purchase” lub „get”. Dlatego warto mieć przygotowaną „mapę” synonimów i bliskoznacznych wyrażeń. Przygotowałam dla Ciebie listę słów-kluczy i typowych zamienników, które często pojawiają się na poziomie STANAG 1. To pomoże Ci łatwiej rozpoznawać znaczenie zdań i unikać pułapek w zadaniach listeningowych.
🛒 Zakupy i pieniądze
- buy → purchase, get
- price → cost, how much
- cheap → inexpensive, low price
- expensive → costly, high price
- money → cash, currency, coins, notes
- pay → spend, give (money)
- shop → store, market
🕒 Czas
- now → at the moment, currently
- today → this day
- tomorrow → the next day, the following day
- yesterday → the day before
- at noon → at midday, at twelve
- midnight → twelve at night
🧍♂️ Ludzie, rodzina
- man → gentleman, guy
- woman → lady
- child → kid, boy/girl
- parents → mother and father
- friend → mate, buddy
🚗 Transport i podróż
- car → vehicle, automobile
- bus → coach
- ticket → fare, pass
- trip → journey, travel
- leave → depart, go away
- arrive → come, get to
🏠 Miejsce i lokalizacja
- house → home
- flat → apartment
- road → street
- near → close to, not far from
- far → distant, away
- big → large
- small → little
🍏 Jedzenie i picie
- food → meal, dish
- drink → beverage
- water → still water, mineral water
- coffee → cup of coffee
- lunch → meal at noon, midday meal
- dinner → evening meal, supper
🏥 Zdrowie
- doctor → physician
- medicine → drug, pill, tablet
- hospital → clinic
- ill → sick, unwell
- pain → ache, hurt
💬 Komunikacja
- ask → request, question
- answer → reply, respond
- say → tell, speak
- phone → call, ring
- help → assist, support
👉 Warto zapamiętać: w nagraniach nie szukaj identycznego słowa z pytania, tylko znaczenia.
🏠 Dom i otoczenie
- room → chamber, space
- kitchen → cooking room, place to cook
- bathroom → restroom, toilet, washroom
- garden → yard
- building → block, construction
- city → town
- village → small town, countryside
🕒 Czas i daty
- weekend → Saturday and Sunday, days off
- holiday → day off, vacation
- morning → early in the day
- evening → later in the day
- night → late hours, after dark
- soon → shortly, in a moment
- late → not on time, delayed
👩🍳 Jedzenie
- meat → beef, pork, chicken
- fish → seafood
- vegetables → veggies
- fruit → apple, orange, banana (często użyte zamiast ogólnego słowa)
- bread → loaf, roll
- sugar → sweetener
- meal → dish, food
👔 Ubrania
- clothes → clothing, outfit
- shoes → footwear
- coat → jacket
- trousers → pants
- pullover → sweater, jumper
- hat → cap
💼 Praca i obowiązki
- job → work, occupation
- worker → employee, staff
- boss → manager, director
- meeting → appointment, conference
- task → duty, responsibility
- salary → pay, wages, income
🚗 Podróże i transport
- airport → airfield, terminal
- plane → airplane, aircraft
- train → railway, express
- station → stop, terminal
- boat → ship
- taxi → cab
- ticket → fare, pass
📦 Przedmioty
- bag → backpack, sack
- box → case, container
- phone → mobile, cell phone
- computer → PC, laptop
- TV → television, telly
- money → cash, coins, notes, currency
🏥 Zdrowie (więcej)
- nurse → medical assistant
- medicine → drug, remedy
- tablet → pill, capsule
- toothache → pain in tooth
- headache → pain in head
- flu → influenza, cold
🎯 Czynności codzienne
- eat → have a meal, dine
- drink → have something to drink
- go → leave, move, travel
- come → arrive, get here
- start → begin
- finish → end, complete
- want → would like, need
- like → enjoy, be fond of
- help → assist, support
-
look → watch, see
💬 Typowe reakcje i emocje
- happy → glad, pleased
- sad → unhappy, down
- angry → mad, upset
- tired → exhausted, sleepy
- good → fine, well, OK
- bad → poor, terrible
- yes → sure, of course, right
- no → not really, I don’t think so
💪 To, co robisz, to bardzo mądry trening pod STANAG listening – im więcej wariantów zapamiętasz, tym trudniej Cię zaskoczyć. Dorzucam kolejne grupy prostych słów i typowych zamienników:
🚶 Ruch i podróże
- walk → go on foot, take a walk, stroll
- run → jog
- drive → go by car
- ride → go by bike, go by bus
- fly → travel by plane
- leave → go away, set off
- arrive → come, get to
📍 Lokalizacja i przestrzeń
- here → at this place
- there → at that place
- next to → near, close to, by
- in front of → before, ahead of
- behind → at the back of
- between → in the middle of
- above → over
- under → below
🛍️ Zakupy i jedzenie (więcej)
- food → groceries, something to eat
- drink → beverage, refreshment
- shop → store, supermarket
- bill → check, receipt
- cheap → not expensive, low-cost
- expensive → high-cost, pricey
- order → ask for, request
🧑 Ludzie i relacje
- man → guy, gentleman, male
- woman → lady, female
- boy → kid, child
- girl → child, young lady
- family → relatives
- friend → buddy, mate, pal
- teacher → instructor
🕒 Czynności dnia codziennego
- wake up → get up, rise
- eat breakfast → have breakfast
- go to work → leave for work
- study → learn
- sleep → go to bed, rest
- watch TV → see television
- read a book → look at a book
📞 Komunikacja
- call → phone, ring
- speak → talk, say
- ask → question, request
- answer → reply, respond
- write → note, send a message
- letter → mail
🌦️ Pogoda
- rain → rainy, shower
- snow → snowy
- sun → sunny, sunshine
- clouds → cloudy
- wind → windy
- hot → warm
- cold → chilly, freezing
👉 Zauważ: czasem zamiast jednego słowa pojawia się opis („car” → „a small vehicle”; „cheap” → „not expensive”). To też pułapka na słuchanie.
Dorzucam kolejne przydatne pary i synonimy, które mogą zmylić na listeningach STANAG 1:
- to buy = to purchase
- to need = to require
- cheap = inexpensive
- expensive = costly
- begin = start
- finish = end
- to phone = to call / to ring
- holiday = vacation
- job = occupation / work
- correct = right
- incorrect = wrong
- to tell = to say
- child = kid
- house = home
- small = little
- big = large
- happy = glad
- sad = unhappy
👉 W listeningach często jest tak, że w pytaniu pada np. "What is the man’s occupation?", a w nagraniu zamiast occupation usłyszysz job.
Albo w pytaniu "Where does she live?", a w nagraniu "Her home is in Warsaw."
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